The Kingdom of Heaven and the Kingdom of God

Jesus said to them, Have you understood all these things? They said to Him, Yes, Lord. Then He said to them, Therefore every scribe* which is instructed and understands the kingdom of heaven is like to a man that is an householder (a steward, a husbandman), which brings forth out of his treasure things new and old**. (Parallel passage 2Timothy 3:14-17; Song of Solomon 7:13; Daniel 9:25, 10:13, 12:1)

*Delineation taken from Thayer's Greek Dictionary which carries the Strong's Greek number of G1122: in the Bible, a man learned in the Mosaic law and in the sacred writings, an interpreter, teacher. Scribes examined the more difficult and subtle questions of the law; added to the Mosaic law decisions of various kinds thought to elucidate its meaning and scope, and did this to the detriment of their laws of religion. Since the advice of men skilled in the law was needed in the examination in the causes and the solution of the difficult questions, they were enrolled in the Sanhedrin; and are mentioned in connection with the priests and elders of the people. A teacher: so instructed that from his learning and ability to teach advantage may redound (to bring back, by reasoning the letter of the Law) to the kingdom of heaven.

parables: A parable, παραβολη [Strong's G3850], from παρα [Strong's G3844], near, and βαλλω [Strong's G906], I cast, or put, has been justly defined to be a comparison or similitude, in which one thing is compared with another, especially spiritual things with natural, by which means those spiritual things are better understood, and make a deeper impression on a honest and attentive mind. In a parable, a resemblance in the principal incidents is all that is required; smaller matters being considered as a sort of drapery. Maimonides, in Moreh Nevochim, gives an excellent rule on this head: "Fix it as a principle to attach yourself to the grand object of the parable, without attempting to make a particular application of all the circumstances and terms which it comprehends."~quote taken from the Treasuries of Scriptural Knowledge.

**The Apostle Paul used this method to show the OT relationship with the New Testament (Covenant) wherein are the promises of the Old fulfilled or made complete in Christ. Because within the first five books of Moses, Moses revealed the names of Yehovah which describe the offices of Christ Jesus as the called out one like onto himself with this one major difference as recorded in Exodus 3:14 and eluded to Jesus Himself being the "I AM THAT I AM", which we will see as we progress.

Now how do the keys of King David 

come into play with the kingdom teaching?

Matthew 16:13-20 Jesus came into the coasts of Caesarea Philippi, He asked His disciples, Whom do men say that I the Son of man am? They said, Some say John the Baptist: some, Elias; and others, Jeremias, or one of the prophets. He asked them, But whom say you that I am? Simon Peter answered, You are the Christ, the Son of the living God. Jesus said to him, Blessed are you, Simon Barjona: for flesh and blood has not revealed this to you, but My Father which is in heaven. I say also to you, That you are Peter, and upon this rock (to perceive, a clear perception, of discernment, to know and understand the mysteries, 1Thessalonis 5:12) I will build My church; and the gates of hell shall not prevail against it. I will give to you the keys of the kingdom of heaven: and whatsoever you shall bind on earth shall be bound in heaven: and whatsoever you shall loose on earth shall be loosed in heaven. Then charged He His disciples that they should tell no man that He was Jesus the Christ. (parallel passages Mark 8:27-30 and Luke 9:18-21; and now for the keys of this kingdom; Isaiah 22:22; Revelation 3:7; Ephesians 2:18-22; John 15:12-17, 18-25; 26-16:4; Romans 16:25-26, 1Corinthians 2:9-10, Ephesians 1:3-14)

All this is good but we still do not have a clue how to acquire the the key or keys and how to use them effectively. For this we need to look at another location where reference is made to a key and for that I will turn to 1Samuel where Samuel anoints David son of Jesse to become the new king of Israel and then I will look at 1Kings 8 where King Solomon is praying:

1Samuel 16:4-13 Samuel did that which the LORD spoke, and came to Bethlehem. And the elders of the town trembled at his coming, and said, do you come peaceably? He said, Peaceably: I am come to sacrifice to the LORD: sanctify yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice. And he sanctified Jesse and his sons, and called them to the sacrifice.

It came to pass, when they were come, that he looked on Eliab, and said, Surely the LORD'S anointed is before him. But the LORD said to Samuel, Look not on his countenance, or on the height of his stature; because I have refused him: the LORD sees not as man sees (Isaiah 55:8-9; Luke 16:15, 1Peter 3:5, 15); for man looks on the outward appearance, but the LORD looks on the heart (1Kings 8:39, Psalm 25:9, 149:4; 147:6, Isaiah 11:4; 57:15, 61:1). Then Jesse called Abinadab, and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, Neither has the LORD chosen this. Then Jesse made Shammah to pass by. And he said, Neither has the LORD chosen this. Again, Jesse made seven of his sons to pass before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, The LORD has not chosen these. And Samuel said to Jesse, Are these all your children? And he said, There remains yet the youngest, behold, he keeps the sheep. And Samuel said to Jesse, Send and fetch him: for we will not sit down till he come here. And he sent, and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, withal of a beautiful countenance, and goodly to look to. The LORD said, Arise, anoint him: for this is he. Then Samuel took the horn of oil, and anointed him in the midst of his brethren: and the Spirit of the LORD came upon David from that day forward. So Samuel rose up, and went to Ramah.